此介绍基于慕课网案例，经个人改造总结在java单应用体系下的秒杀系统的基本实现方案。其中不包括用户注册和后台管理功能。 此案例为秒杀初始版本，在之后会不断优化秒杀案例。
开发工具
Idea2018.1-64
Ubuntu18-64
主要技术栈
JDK1.8-64
Springboot1.5.8.RELEASE
Mybatis3.4.5
Mysql6.0.6
Rabbitmq4.0.3
Redis4.0.14
Thymeleaf2.1.5
Html
功能点
用户登录明文密码两次MD5处理
JSR303参数校验
全局异常处理器
分布式session
页面缓存
对象缓存
商品详情静态化
秒杀静态化
订单详情静态化
商品超卖
生成订单
轮询查看订单状态
隐藏秒杀地址
图形验证码
接口限流防刷
表结构
#以下表结构并不是正规的3范式结构。
- 商品表
CREATE TABLE `goods` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '商品ID',
`goods_name` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '商品名称',
`goods_title` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '商品标题',
`goods_img` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '商品图片',
`goods_detail` longtext COMMENT '商品详情介绍',
`goods_price` decimal(10,2) DEFAULT '0.00' COMMENT '商品单价',
`goods_stock` int(11) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '商品库存,-1表示没有限制',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
- 秒杀商品表
CREATE TABLE `miaosha_goods` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '秒杀的商品表',
`goods_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '商品ID',
`miaosha_price` decimal(10,2) DEFAULT '0.00' COMMENT '秒杀价',
`stock_count` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '库存数量',
`start_date` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '秒杀开始时间',
`end_date` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '秒杀结束时间',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
- 秒杀订单表
CREATE TABLE `miaosha_order` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`user_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户ID',
`order_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '订单ID',
`goods_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '商品ID',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=17 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='秒杀订单表';
- 秒杀用户信息表
CREATE TABLE `miaosha_user` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户ID,手机号码',
`nickname` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`password` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'MD5(MD5(pass明文+固定salt) + salt)',
`salt` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`head` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '头像,云存储的ID',
`register_date` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '注册时间',
`last_login_date` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '上次登录时间',
`login_count` int(11) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '登录次数',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
- 订单表
CREATE TABLE `order_info` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`user_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户ID',
`goods_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '商品ID',
`delivery_addr_id` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '收货地址ID',
`goods_name` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '冗余过来的商品名称',
`goods_count` int(11) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '商品数量',
`goods_price` decimal(10,2) DEFAULT '0.00' COMMENT '商品单价',
`order_channel` tinyint(4) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '1pc,2android,3ios',
`status` tinyint(4) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '订单状态,0新建未支付,1已支付,2已发货,3已收货,4已退款,5已完成',
`create_date` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '订单的创建时间',
`pay_date` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '支付时间',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `u_uid_gid` (`user_id`,`goods_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=27 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='订单表';
秒杀流程
功能点详细流程及伪代码
功能点流程结构:项目启动-用户登录-商品列表-商品秒杀详情-秒杀(服务端发送订单-客户端处理订单-轮询查询订单信息)
项目启动
- 初始化
查询商品表明细，把商品库存信息存入redis，把商品是否存在库存标识作为内存标识存入集合map。
public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
List<GoodsVo> goodsList = goodsService.listGoodsVo();
if(goodsList == null) {
return;
}
for(GoodsVo goods : goodsList) {
redisService.set(GoodsKey.getMiaoshaGoodsStock, ""+goods.getId(), goods.getStockCount());
localOverMap.put(goods.getId(), false);
}
}
- 拦截器
限流信息、用户信息、cookie信息
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
throws Exception {
if(handler instanceof HandlerMethod) {
MiaoshaUser user = getUser(request, response);
UserContext.setUser(user);
HandlerMethod hm = (HandlerMethod)handler;
AccessLimit accessLimit = hm.getMethodAnnotation(AccessLimit.class);
if(accessLimit == null) {
return true;
}
int seconds = accessLimit.seconds();
int maxCount = accessLimit.maxCount();
boolean needLogin = accessLimit.needLogin();
String key = request.getRequestURI();
if(needLogin) {
if(user == null) {
render(response, CodeMsg.SESSION_ERROR);
return false;
}
key += "_" + user.getId();
}else {
//do nothing
}
AccessKey ak = AccessKey.withExpire(seconds);
Integer count = redisService.get(ak, key, Integer.class);
if(count == null) {
redisService.set(ak, key, 1);
}else if(count < maxCount) {
redisService.incr(ak, key);
}else {
render(response, CodeMsg.ACCESS_LIMIT_REACHED);
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
private void render(HttpServletResponse response, CodeMsg cm)throws Exception {
response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
String str = JSON.toJSONString(Result.error(cm));
out.write(str.getBytes("UTF-8"));
out.flush();
out.close();
}
private MiaoshaUser getUser(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
String paramToken = request.getParameter(MiaoshaUserService.COOKI_NAME_TOKEN);
String cookieToken = getCookieValue(request, MiaoshaUserService.COOKI_NAME_TOKEN);
if(StringUtils.isEmpty(cookieToken) && StringUtils.isEmpty(paramToken)) {
return null;
}
String token = StringUtils.isEmpty(paramToken)?cookieToken:paramToken;
return userService.getByToken(response, token);
}
private String getCookieValue(HttpServletRequest request, String cookiName) {
Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
if(cookies == null || cookies.length <= 0){
return null;
}
for(Cookie cookie : cookies) {
if(cookie.getName().equals(cookiName)) {
return cookie.getValue();
}
}
return null;
}
- 框架回调
参数对象校验、全局用户信息获取
public boolean supportsParameter(MethodParameter parameter) {
Class<?> clazz = parameter.getParameterType();
return clazz==MiaoshaUser.class;
}
public Object resolveArgument(MethodParameter parameter, ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer,
NativeWebRequest webRequest, WebDataBinderFactory binderFactory) throws Exception {
return UserContext.getUser();
}
用户登录
- 流程图
- 伪代码
@RequestMapping("/to_login")
public String toLogin() {
return "login";
}
@RequestMapping("/do_login")
@ResponseBody
public Result<String> doLogin(HttpServletResponse response, @Valid LoginVo loginVo) {
log.info(loginVo.toString());
//登录
String token = userService.login(response, loginVo);
return Result.success(token);
}
public String login(HttpServletResponse response, LoginVo loginVo) {
if(loginVo == null) {
throw new GlobalException(CodeMsg.SERVER_ERROR);
}
String mobile = loginVo.getMobile();
String formPass = loginVo.getPassword();
//判断手机号是否存在
MiaoshaUser user = getById(Long.parseLong(mobile));
if(user == null) {
throw new GlobalException(CodeMsg.MOBILE_NOT_EXIST);
}
//验证密码
String dbPass = user.getPassword();
String saltDB = user.getSalt();
String calcPass = MD5Util.formPassToDBPass(formPass, saltDB);
if(!calcPass.equals(dbPass)) {
throw new GlobalException(CodeMsg.PASSWORD_ERROR);
}
//生成cookie
String token = UUIDUtil.uuid();
addCookie(response, token, user);
return token;
}
private void addCookie(HttpServletResponse response, String token, MiaoshaUser user) {
redisService.set(MiaoshaUserKey.token, token, user);
Cookie cookie = new Cookie(COOKI_NAME_TOKEN, token);
cookie.setMaxAge(MiaoshaUserKey.token.expireSeconds());
cookie.setPath("/");
response.addCookie(cookie);
}
商品列表
- 流程图
- 伪代码
@RequestMapping(value="/to_list", produces="text/html")
@ResponseBody
public String list(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Model model,MiaoshaUser user) {
model.addAttribute("user", user);
List<GoodsVo> goodsList = goodsService.listGoodsVo();
model.addAttribute("goodsList", goodsList);
SpringWebContext ctx = new SpringWebContext(request,response,
request.getServletContext(),request.getLocale(), model.asMap(), applicationContext );
//手动渲染
String html = thymeleafViewResolver.getTemplateEngine().process("goods_list", ctx);
if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(html)) {
redisService.set(GoodsKey.getGoodsList, "", html);
}
return html;
}
商品秒杀详情
- 流程图
- 伪代码
@RequestMapping(value="/to_detail2/{goodsId}",produces="text/html")
@ResponseBody
public String detail2(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Model model,MiaoshaUser user,
@PathVariable("goodsId")long goodsId) {
model.addAttribute("user", user);
//取缓存
String html = redisService.get(GoodsKey.getGoodsDetail, ""+goodsId, String.class);
if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(html)) {
return html;
}
//手动渲染
GoodsVo goods = goodsService.getGoodsVoByGoodsId(goodsId);
model.addAttribute("goods", goods);
long startAt = goods.getStartDate().getTime();
long endAt = goods.getEndDate().getTime();
long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
int miaoshaStatus = 0;
int remainSeconds = 0;
if(now < startAt ) {//秒杀还没开始，倒计时
miaoshaStatus = 0;
remainSeconds = (int)((startAt - now )/1000);
}else if(now > endAt){//秒杀已经结束
miaoshaStatus = 2;
remainSeconds = -1;
}else {//秒杀进行中
miaoshaStatus = 1;
remainSeconds = 0;
}
model.addAttribute("miaoshaStatus", miaoshaStatus);
model.addAttribute("remainSeconds", remainSeconds);
SpringWebContext ctx = new SpringWebContext(request,response,
request.getServletContext(),request.getLocale(), model.asMap(), applicationContext );
html = thymeleafViewResolver.getTemplateEngine().process("goods_detail", ctx);
if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(html)) {
redisService.set(GoodsKey.getGoodsDetail, ""+goodsId, html);
}
return html;
}
秒杀
服务端发送订单
- 流程图
- 伪代码
@RequestMapping(value="/{path}/do_miaosha", method=RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public Result<Integer> miaosha(Model model,MiaoshaUser user,
@RequestParam("goodsId")long goodsId,
@PathVariable("path") String path) {
model.addAttribute("user", user);
if(user == null) {
return Result.error(CodeMsg.SESSION_ERROR);
}
//验证path
boolean check = miaoshaService.checkPath(user, goodsId, path);
if(!check){
return Result.error(CodeMsg.REQUEST_ILLEGAL);
}
//内存标记，减少redis访问
boolean over = localOverMap.get(goodsId);
if(over) {
return Result.error(CodeMsg.MIAO_SHA_OVER);
}
//预减库存
long stock = redisService.decr(GoodsKey.getMiaoshaGoodsStock, ""+goodsId);//10
if(stock < 0) {
localOverMap.put(goodsId, true);
return Result.error(CodeMsg.MIAO_SHA_OVER);
}
//判断是否已经秒杀到了
MiaoshaOrder order = orderService.getMiaoshaOrderByUserIdGoodsId(user.getId(), goodsId);
if(order != null) {
return Result.error(CodeMsg.REPEATE_MIAOSHA);
}
//入队
MiaoshaMessage mm = new MiaoshaMessage();
mm.setUser(user);
mm.setGoodsId(goodsId);
sender.sendMiaoshaMessage(mm);
return Result.success(0);//排队中
}
客户端处理订单
- 流程图
- 伪代码
@RabbitListener(queues=MQConfig.MIAOSHA_QUEUE)
public void receive(String message) {
log.info("receive message:"+message);
MiaoshaMessage mm = RedisService.stringToBean(message, MiaoshaMessage.class);
MiaoshaUser user = mm.getUser();
long goodsId = mm.getGoodsId();
GoodsVo goods = goodsService.getGoodsVoByGoodsId(goodsId);
int stock = goods.getStockCount();
if(stock <= 0) {
return;
}
//判断是否已经秒杀到了
MiaoshaOrder order = orderService.getMiaoshaOrderByUserIdGoodsId(user.getId(), goodsId);
if(order != null) {
return;
}
//减库存 下订单 写入秒杀订单
miaoshaService.miaosha(user, goods);
}
@Transactional
public OrderInfo miaosha(MiaoshaUser user, GoodsVo goods) {
//减库存 下订单 写入秒杀订单
boolean success = goodsService.reduceStock(goods);
if(success) {
//order_info maiosha_order
return orderService.createOrder(user, goods);
}else {
setGoodsOver(goods.getId());
return null;
}
}
public boolean reduceStock(GoodsVo goods) {
MiaoshaGoods g = new MiaoshaGoods();
g.setGoodsId(goods.getId());
int ret = goodsDao.reduceStock(g);
return ret > 0;
}
@Transactional
public OrderInfo createOrder(MiaoshaUser user, GoodsVo goods) {
OrderInfo orderInfo = new OrderInfo();
orderInfo.setCreateDate(new Date());
orderInfo.setDeliveryAddrId(0L);
orderInfo.setGoodsCount(1);
orderInfo.setGoodsId(goods.getId());
orderInfo.setGoodsName(goods.getGoodsName());
orderInfo.setGoodsPrice(goods.getMiaoshaPrice());
orderInfo.setOrderChannel(1);
orderInfo.setStatus(0);
orderInfo.setUserId(user.getId());
orderDao.insert(orderInfo);
MiaoshaOrder miaoshaOrder = new MiaoshaOrder();
miaoshaOrder.setGoodsId(goods.getId());
miaoshaOrder.setOrderId(orderInfo.getId());
miaoshaOrder.setUserId(user.getId());
orderDao.insertMiaoshaOrder(miaoshaOrder);
redisService.set(OrderKey.getMiaoshaOrderByUidGid, ""+user.getId()+"_"+goods.getId(), miaoshaOrder);
return orderInfo;
}
private void setGoodsOver(Long goodsId) {
redisService.set(MiaoshaKey.isGoodsOver, ""+goodsId, true);
}
轮询查询订单信息
- 流程图
- 伪代码
@RequestMapping(value="/result", method=RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public Result<Long> miaoshaResult(Model model,MiaoshaUser user,
@RequestParam("goodsId")long goodsId) {
model.addAttribute("user", user);
if(user == null) {
return Result.error(CodeMsg.SESSION_ERROR);
}
long result =miaoshaService.getMiaoshaResult(user.getId(), goodsId);
return Result.success(result);
}
public long getMiaoshaResult(Long userId, long goodsId) {
MiaoshaOrder order = orderService.getMiaoshaOrderByUserIdGoodsId(userId, goodsId);
if(order != null) {//秒杀成功
return order.getOrderId();
}else {
boolean isOver = getGoodsOver(goodsId);
if(isOver) {
return -1;
}else {
return 0;
}
}
}
最终页面展示
