一、简介
在日常的工作中，我们经常会通过编辑hosts文件来处理一些自定义域名的解析任务，每次手动的编辑linux或者mac上/etc/hosts和window上的hosts是一项繁琐的任务。
但是现在，我们可以通过hostctl来自动化管理本地域名解析文件，这样一来就可以使某些方面自动化，以使其变得更加干净快捷。
二、安装方法
wget https://github.com/guumaster/hostctl/releases/download/v1.0.14/hostctl_1.0.14_linux_64-bit.tar.gz
tar -zxf hostctl_1.0.14_linux_64-bit.tar.gz
ln -s /data/software/workspace/hostctl/hostctl /usr/bin/hostctl
三、文档
https://guumaster.github.io/hostctl/docs/getting-started/
四、用法
1)add
#在/etc/profile中新增
[root@ms17 workspace]# hostctl add domains test test1.com --ip 1.2.3.4
[?] Domains 'test1.com' added.
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+
[root@ms17 workspace]# hostctl add domains test test2.com --ip 1.2.3.4
[?] Domains 'test2.com' added.
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test2.com |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+
[root@ms17 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
##################################################################
# Content under this line is handled by hostctl. DO NOT EDIT.
##################################################################
# profile.on test
1.2.3.4 test1.com
1.2.3.4 test2.com
# end
[root@ms17 ~]# hostctl list
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| default | on | 127.0.0.1 | localhost |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test2.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
--一个IP对应多个域名
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl add domains fat fat1.com fat2.com --ip 2.3.4.5
[?] Domains 'fat1.com, fat2.com' added.
+---------+--------+---------+----------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+---------+----------+
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat1.com |
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat2.com |
+---------+--------+---------+----------+
[root@ms17 ~]# hostctl list
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat1.com |
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat2.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
[root@ms17 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
# profile.on fat
2.3.4.5 fat1.com
2.3.4.5 fat2.com
# end
2)disable
#关闭某profile的所有内容
--怎么disable其中一个？这里是否管理的是整个profile，而不能管理profile中的其中一个待定？
[root@ms17 workspace]# hostctl disable test
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+
| test | off | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
| test | off | 1.2.3.4 | test2.com |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+
[root@ms17 ~]# hostctl list
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| test | off | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
| test | off | 1.2.3.4 | test2.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
[root@ms17 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
##################################################################
# Content under this line is handled by hostctl. DO NOT EDIT.
##################################################################
# profile.off test
# 1.2.3.4 test1.com
# 1.2.3.4 test2.com
# end
--disable所有,但不包括之前没使用hostctl的内容.之前的profile都为default。
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl disable --all
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| test | off | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| fat | off | 2.3.4.5 | fat1.com |
| fat | off | 2.3.4.5 | fat2.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
3)enable
#开启某profile的所有内容
--怎么enable其中一个？
[root@ms17 workspace]# hostctl enable test
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test2.com |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+
[root@ms17 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
##################################################################
# Content under this line is handled by hostctl. DO NOT EDIT.
##################################################################
# profile.on test
1.2.3.4 test1.com
1.2.3.4 test2.com
# end
[root@ms17 ~]# hostctl list
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test2.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
--enable所有,但不包括之前没使用hostctl的内容.之前的profile都为default。
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl enable --all
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat1.com |
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat2.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
4)remove
#移除某个profile的所有内容
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl remove test
[root@ms17 workspace]# hostctl remove domains test test2.com
[?] Domains 'test2.com' removed.
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+
[root@ms17 ~]# hostctl list
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
[root@ms17 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
##################################################################
# Content under this line is handled by hostctl. DO NOT EDIT.
##################################################################
# profile.on test
1.2.3.4 test1.com
# end
5)backup
#备份/etc/hosts到某个路径
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl backup --path .
[root@ms17 test]# ll
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1074 Dec 21 13:55 hosts.20201221
6)list
#list列表的不同用法
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl list
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat1.com |
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat2.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl list test
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
+---------+--------+---------+-----------+
--输出格式
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl list --out table
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat1.com |
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat2.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl list --out raw
PROFILE STATUS IP DOMAIN
test on 1.2.3.4 test1.com
fat on 2.3.4.5 fat1.com
fat on 2.3.4.5 fat2.com
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl list --out markdown
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
|---------|--------|-------------|----------------------|
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
|---------|--------|-------------|----------------------|
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat1.com |
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat2.com |
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl list --out json
[
{"Profile":"test","Status":"on","IP":"1.2.3.4","Host":"test1.com"},
{"Profile":"fat","Status":"on","IP":"2.3.4.5","Host":"fat1.com"},
{"Profile":"fat","Status":"on","IP":"2.3.4.5","Host":"fat2.com"}
]
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl list --column ip
+-------------+
| IP |
+-------------+
| 1.2.3.4 |
+-------------+
| 2.3.4.5 |
| 2.3.4.5 |
+-------------+
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl list --host-file /etc/hosts --raw
PROFILE STATUS IP DOMAIN
test on 1.2.3.4 test1.com
fat on 2.3.4.5 fat1.com
fat on 2.3.4.5 fat2.com
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl list --host-file /etc/hosts --out markdown
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
|---------|--------|-------------|----------------------|
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
|---------|--------|-------------|----------------------|
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat1.com |
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat2.com |
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl list --host-file /etc/hosts --no-color
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat1.com |
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat2.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
--不仅显示disabled的，还有default的。
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl list disabled
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| default | on | 127.0.0.1 | localhost |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| test | off | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
--不仅显示enable的，还有default的。
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl list enabled
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| default | on | 127.0.0.1 | localhost |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat1.com |
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat2.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
7)replace
#替换/etc/profile中的一部分为导入文件的内容
[root@ms17 ~]# hostctl list
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat1.com |
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat2.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test2.com |
| test | on | 2.3.4.5 | test1.com |
| test | on | 2.3.4.5 | test2.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
[root@ms17 ~]# hostctl replace test --from hosts.20201221
[root@ms17 ~]# hostctl list
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat1.com |
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat2.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
| test | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat1.com |
| test | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat2.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
8)restore
#全局替换/etc/profile
[root@ms17 ~]# hostctl list
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl add domains test test11.com test22.com --ip 9.8.7.6
[?] Domains 'test11.com, test22.com' added.
+---------+--------+---------+------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+---------+------------+
| test | on | 9.8.7.6 | test11.com |
| test | on | 9.8.7.6 | test22.com |
+---------+--------+---------+------------+
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl restore --from hosts.20201221
[?] File 'hosts.20201221' restored.
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat1.com |
| fat | on | 2.3.4.5 | fat2.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
9)status
#查看某profile的status
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl add domains test1 test111.com --ip 8.7.6.5
[?] Domains 'test111.com' added.
+---------+--------+---------+-------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+---------+-------------+
| test1 | on | 8.7.6.5 | test111.com |
+---------+--------+---------+-------------+
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl disable test1
+---------+--------+---------+-------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+---------+-------------+
| test1 | off | 8.7.6.5 | test111.com |
+---------+--------+---------+-------------+
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl status test1
+---------+--------+
| PROFILE | STATUS |
+---------+--------+
| test1 | off |
+---------+--------+
10)toggle
#转换某profile的status
[root@ms17 ~]# hostctl list
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| test | off | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
| test | off | 9.8.7.6 | test11.com |
| test | off | 9.8.7.6 | test22.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
[root@ms17 test]# hostctl toggle test
+---------+--------+---------+------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+---------+------------+
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
| test | on | 9.8.7.6 | test11.com |
| test | on | 9.8.7.6 | test22.com |
+---------+--------+---------+------------+
[root@ms17 ~]# hostctl list
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| PROFILE | STATUS | IP | DOMAIN |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
| test | on | 1.2.3.4 | test1.com |
| test | on | 9.8.7.6 | test11.com |
| test | on | 9.8.7.6 | test22.com |
+---------+--------+-------------+----------------------+
五、其他
5、1profile=default
在未使用hostctl之前配置的内容，通过hostctl list，展示的profile值都为default。
profile值都为default的内容不能通过hostctl命令来编辑。
5、2公共参数
#所有命令通用
Options inherited from parent commands
-c, --column strings Column names to show on lists. comma separated
--host-file string Hosts file path (default "/etc/hosts")
--no-color force colorless output
-o, --out string Output type (table|raw|markdown|json) (default "table")
-q, --quiet Run command without output
--raw Output without borders (same as -o raw)
标题：简单视图化管理/etc/hosts的命令工具hostctl
作者：yazong
地址：https://blog.llyweb.com/articles/2020/12/21/1608537113956.html